Chemie - Questions

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By Bojanna Shantheyanda, Sreya Dutta, Kevin Coscia and David SchiemerDynalene, Inc. Liquid cooling, which can be accomplished using indirect or direct means, is utilized in electronics applications having thermal power thickness that may go beyond secure dissipation via air cooling. Indirect fluid cooling is where heat dissipating digital components are literally separated from the liquid coolant, whereas in situation of direct air conditioning, the parts remain in straight contact with the coolant.


In indirect air conditioning applications the electrical conductivity can be vital if there are leakages and/or splilling of the liquids onto the electronic devices. In the indirect air conditioning applications where water based fluids with deterioration preventions are normally used, the electrical conductivity of the fluid coolant mainly depends on the ion concentration in the liquid stream.


The boost in the ion concentration in a shut loophole fluid stream might happen due to ion seeping from metals and nonmetal parts that the coolant liquid is in contact with. Throughout operation, the electric conductivity of the fluid might enhance to a level which can be hazardous for the cooling system.

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(https://www.pageorama.com/?p=chemie999)They are grain like polymers that are qualified of exchanging ions with ions in a solution that it touches with. In today work, ion leaching examinations were executed with different metals and polymers in both ultrapure deionized (DI) water, i.e. water which is dealt with to the highest possible degrees of pureness, and low electrical conductive ethylene glycol/water mix, with the gauged modification in conductivity reported gradually.


The examples were allowed to equilibrate at area temperature for 2 days prior to taping the initial electric conductivity. In all examinations reported in this research fluid electrical conductivity was gauged to a precision of 1% using an Oakton CON 510/CON 6 series meter which was adjusted before each measurement.

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from the wall home heating coils to the facility of the furnace. The PTFE sample containers were positioned in the heating system when stable state temperatures were reached. The test configuration was removed from the heater every 168 hours (seven days), cooled to area temperature level with the electrical conductivity of the fluid determined.


The electrical conductivity of the liquid sample was checked for an overall of 5000 hours (208 days). Schematic of the indirect shut loophole cooling down experiment set-up. Elements utilized in the indirect closed loophole cooling experiment that are in call with the liquid coolant.


Prior to starting each experiment, the examination configuration was washed with UP-H2O several times to get rid of any kind of impurities. The system was filled with 230 ml of UP-H2O and was allowed to equilibrate at room temperature for an hour before tape-recording the first electrical conductivity, which was 1.72 S/cm. Fluid electric conductivity was gauged to a precision of 1%.

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The modification in fluid electrical conductivity was monitored for 136 hours. The fluid from the system was collected and stored.


Table 2. Test matrix for both ion leaching and indirect shut loop air conditioning experiments. Table 2 reveals the examination matrix that was utilized for both ion leaching and closed loophole indirect cooling experiments. The adjustment in electrical conductivity of the liquid examples when stirred with Dowex mixed bed ion exchange material was determined.


0.1 g of Dowex resin was contributed to 100g of fluid examples that was absorbed a separate container. The mixture was stirred and alter in the electric conductivity at area temperature level was measured every hour. The measured change in the electrical conductivity of the UP-H2O and EG-LC examination liquids including polymer or steel when involved for 5,000 hours at 80C is revealed Figure 3.

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Number 3. Ion leaching experiment: Calculated change in electric conductivity of water and EG-LC coolants having either polymer or steel examples when immersed for 5,000 hours at 80C. The results indicate that metals contributed less ions into the fluids than plastics in both UP-H2O and EG-LC based coolants. This could be as a result of a thin steel oxide layer which might serve as an obstacle to ion leaching and cationic diffusion.




Liquids consisting of polypropylene and HDPE showed the most affordable electric conductivity adjustments. This could be due to the short, rigid, straight chains which are less likely to add ions than longer branched chains with weak intermolecular forces. Silicone likewise executed well in both examination fluids, as polysiloxanes are usually chemically inert due to the high bond power of the silicon-oxygen bond which would protect against deterioration of the product into the liquid.

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It would be expected that PVC would generate similar results to those of PTFE and HDPE based on the comparable chemical structures of the products, however there may be various other contaminations existing in the PVC, such as plasticizers, that may impact the electrical conductivity of the fluid - heat transfer fluid. Furthermore, chloride groups in PVC can likewise seep right into the test fluid and can trigger a boost in electric conductivity


Buna-N rubber and polyurethane revealed signs of degradation and thermal decomposition hop over to here which suggests that their feasible utility as a gasket or glue product at greater temperature levels can bring about application issues. Polyurethane completely degenerated into the examination liquid by the end of 5000 hour examination. Number 4. Prior to and after photos of metal and polymer examples submersed for 5,000 hours at 80C in the ion seeping experiment.


Calculated adjustment in the electrical conductivity of UP-H2O coolant as a function of time with and without resin cartridge in the closed indirect cooling loop experiment. The determined change in electrical conductivity of the UP-H2O for 136 hours with and without ion exchange resin in the loop is shown in Figure 5.

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